Numeric Operators

• <expression> + <expression> adds the first expression’s value to the second’s.
• <expression> - <expression> subtracts the first expression’s value from the second’s.
• <expression> * <expression> multiplies the first expression’s value by the second’s.
• <expression> % <expression> returns the remainder of the first expression’s value divided by the second’s. This is known as the modulo operator.

@debug 10s + 15s; // 25s
@debug 1in - 10px; // 0.8958333333in
@debug 5px * 3px; // 15px*px
@debug 1in % 9px; // 0.0625in

@debug 10s + 15s  // 25s
@debug 1in - 10px  // 0.8958333333in
@debug 5px * 3px  // 15px*px
@debug 1in % 9px  // 0.0625in

Unitless numbers can be used with numbers of any unit.

@debug 100px + 50; // 150px
@debug 4s * 10; // 40s

@debug 100px + 50  // 150px
@debug 4s * 10  // 40s

Numbers with incompatible units can’t be used with addition, subtraction, or modulo.

@debug 100px + 10s;
//     ^^^^^^^^^^^
// Error: Incompatible units px and s.

@debug 100px + 10s
//     ^^^^^^^^^^^
// Error: Incompatible units px and s.

Unary Operators permalinkUnary Operators

You can also write + and - as unary operators, which take only one value:

• +<expression> returns the expression’s value without changing it.
• -<expression> returns the negative version of the expression’s value.

@debug +(5s + 7s); // 12s
@debug -(50px + 30px); // -80px
@debug -(10px - 15px); // 5px

@debug +(5s + 7s)  // 12s
@debug -(50px + 30px)  // -80px
@debug -(10px - 15px)  // 5px

@debug a-1; // a-1
@debug 5px-3px; // 2px
@debug 5-3; // 2
@debug 1 -2 3; // 1 -2 3

$number: 2;
@debug 1 -$number 3; // -1 3
@debug 1 (-$number) 3; // 1 -2 3

@debug a-1  // a-1
@debug 5px-3px  // 2px
@debug 5-3  // 2
@debug 1 -2 3  // 1 -2 3

$number: 2
@debug 1 -$number 3  // -1 3
@debug 1 (-$number) 3  // 1 -2 3

Division permalinkDivision

Compatibility (math.div()):

Dart Sass

since 1.33.0

LibSass

✗

Ruby Sass

✗

Unlike other mathematical operations, division in Sass is done with the math.div() function. Although many programming languages use / as a division operator, in CSS / is used as a separator (as in font: 15px/32px or hsl(120 100% 50% / 0.8)). While Sass does support the use of / as a division operator, this is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.

Slash-Separated Values permalinkSlash-Separated Values

For the time being while Sass still supports / as a division operator, it has to have a way to disambiguate between / as a separator and / as division. In order to make this work, if two numbers are separated by /, Sass will print the result as slash-separated instead of divided unless one of these conditions is met:

• Either expression is anything other than a literal number.
• The result is stored in a variable or returned by a function.
• The operation is surrounded by parentheses, unless those parentheses are outside a list that contains the operation.
• The result is used as part of another operation (other than /).
• The result is returned by a calculation.

You can use list.slash() to force / to be used as a separator.

@use "sass:list";

@debug 15px / 30px; // 15px/30px
@debug (10px + 5px) / 30px; // 0.5
@debug list.slash(10px + 5px, 30px); // 15px/30px

$result: 15px / 30px;
@debug $result; // 0.5

@function fifteen-divided-by-thirty() {
  @return 15px / 30px;
}
@debug fifteen-divided-by-thirty(); // 0.5

@debug (15px/30px); // 0.5
@debug (bold 15px/30px sans-serif); // bold 15px/30px sans-serif
@debug 15px/30px + 1; // 1.5

@use "sass:list";

@debug 15px / 30px  // 15px/30px
@debug (10px + 5px) / 30px  // 0.5
@debug list.slash(10px + 5px, 30px)  // 15px/30px

$result: 15px / 30px
@debug $result  // 0.5

@function fifteen-divided-by-thirty()
  @return 15px / 30px

@debug fifteen-divided-by-thirty()  // 0.5

@debug (15px/30px)  // 0.5
@debug (bold 15px/30px sans-serif)  // bold 15px/30px sans-serif
@debug 15px/30px + 1  // 1.5

Units permalinkUnits

Sass has powerful support for manipulating units based on how real-world unit calculations work. When two numbers are multiplied, their units are multiplied as well. When one number is divided by another, the result takes its numerator units from the first number and its denominator units from the second. A number can have any number of units in the numerator and/or denominator.

@debug 4px * 6px; // 24px*px (read "square pixels")
@debug math.div(5px, 2s); // 2.5px/s (read "pixels per second")

// 3.125px*deg/s*em (read "pixel-degrees per second-em")
@debug 5px * math.div(math.div(30deg, 2s), 24em); 

$degrees-per-second: math.div(20deg, 1s);
@debug $degrees-per-second; // 20deg/s
@debug math.div(1, $degrees-per-second); // 0.05s/deg

@debug 4px * 6px  // 24px*px (read "square pixels")
@debug math.div(5px, 2s)  // 2.5px/s (read "pixels per second")

// 3.125px*deg/s*em (read "pixel-degrees per second-em")
@debug 5px * math.div(math.div(30deg, 2s), 24em)  

$degrees-per-second: math.div(20deg, 1s) 
@debug $degrees-per-second  // 20deg/s
@debug math.div(1, $degrees-per-second)  // 0.05s/deg

Sass will automatically convert between compatible units, although which unit it will choose for the result depends on which implementation of Sass you’re using.If you try to combine incompatible units, like 1in + 1em, Sass will throw an error.

// CSS defines one inch as 96 pixels.
@debug 1in + 6px; // 102px or 1.0625in

@debug 1in + 1s;
//     ^^^^^^^^
// Error: Incompatible units s and in.

// CSS defines one inch as 96 pixels.
@debug 1in + 6px  // 102px or 1.0625in

@debug 1in + 1s
//     ^^^^^^^^
// Error: Incompatible units s and in.

As in real-world unit calculations, if the numerator contains units that are compatible with units in the denominator (like math.div(96px, 1in)), they’ll cancel out. This makes it easy to define a ratio that you can use for converting between units. In the example below, we set the desired speed to one second per 50 pixels, and then multiply that by the number of pixels the transition covers to get the time it should take.

$transition-speed: math.div(1s, 50px);

@mixin move($left-start, $left-stop) {
  position: absolute;
  left: $left-start;
  transition: left ($left-stop - $left-start) * $transition-speed;

  &:hover {
    left: $left-stop;
  }
}

.slider {
  @include move(10px, 120px);
}

$transition-speed: math.div(1s, 50px)

@mixin move($left-start, $left-stop)
  position: absolute
  left: $left-start
  transition: left ($left-stop - $left-start) * $transition-speed

  &:hover
    left: $left-stop



.slider
  @include move(10px, 120px)

.slider {
  position: absolute;
  left: 10px;
  transition: left 2.2s;
}
.slider:hover {
  left: 120px;
}